Do new manufacturing plants raise local employment without raising pay?
Core argument: Using the event study specification from a replication of Greenstone et al., the author estimates that manufacturing plant openings raised both manufacturing employment and total employment in treated counties, while average manufacturing pay and average pay overall did not change.
Arguably, that alignment was mostly coincidental in the case of WWII and not a consequence of explicit distributional objectives. In many other cases, the core objectives of industrial policy may be in tension with hopes of making meaningful improvements in the outcomes of left-behind workers. Greenstone et al. compare regions where large million dollar plants were sited during the 1980s and 1990s to the runner-up regions that were also under serious consideration for each plant. While the original study finds significant impacts of plant construction on productivity at neighboring establishments, the incidence on the local labor market is less clear. I follow the event study specification from a replication of Greenstone et al. to estimate the effects of manufacturing plant openings on county-level employment and pay. Whereas both manufacturing employment and total employment expanded in treated counties, average manufacturing pay and average pay more generally did not change.

